The Chang Bogo Class is equipped with a range of modern combat management systems that integrate versatile control panels for sonars, navigation systems and weapons systems.
Introduce
From a country with no arms production capabilities and dependent on its allies, South Korea quickly mastered technology and became a dominant player in the arms export market. According to the Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, the US will become the largest export market for Korea’s defense industry products, followed by India, Indonesia and the Philippines.
The fact that South Korea quickly became an arms exporter has been explained by some experts: because South Korea had previously imported a large number of weapons from abroad, especially the United States and Germany, so they were able to collect and study most advanced technology of the western military.
In addition, under the push of the government, the level of investment in research and development of private manufacturers has continuously increased. It can be said that the greatest success of the Korean defense industry is mastering the technology of submarine construction.
Background
The South Korean Armed Forces was established in 1948 but it was not until 1993 that they owned the first submarine. In the late 1980s, South Korea realized that it was necessary to equip submarines for the navy, not only to deal with North Korea but also as a response to the growth of China, Japan and even Russia.
After negotiations and evaluations, South Korea chose Germany as the nation to supply its submarines. In 1993, the South Korean Navy received the first Type 209 diesel-electric attack submarine, ordered as the Chang Bogo class.
The first Chang Bogo was completed in Germany, while the remaining were produced in South Korea under German license. A total of 9 submarines were commissioned between 1993 and 2001. So far, the Chang Bogo-class submarines have undergone modernization, compared to the original ones, the combat power of the Chang Bogo-class has increased significantly.
Design
When completed, the Chang Bogo-class submarine has a length of 56m (183.73 ft), a beam of 6.2m (20.34 ft) and a draft of 5.5m (18.04 ft). The submarine has a submerged displacement of 1,285t, which is designed to perform low noise operations.
The number of crew members is 33 and it can be operated continuously for a period of 50 days. The submarines are equipped with automated systems, which help reduce the workload of the crew. Like the German Type 209, the Chang Bogo class is designed with a single hull, allows the commanding officer to see the entire submarine from the bow to stern while standing at the periscope.
Four 120-cell batteries are located forward and aft of the command center in the lower deck and make up about 25% of the boat’s displacement. Two main ballast tanks with forward and aft trim tanks allow the boat to dive.
Powerplant
South Korean Chang Bogo-class submarines are equipped with four MTU Type 8V396 SE diesel engines and one Siemens electric motor, driving 1 shaft. The propulsion system produces a maximum power of 5000 shaft horsepower, allowing the submarine to reach a maximum speed of 21.5 knots when submerged and 11 knots when surfaced.
On surface operations, The range of the submarines can be up to 11,000 nauticalmiles at 10 knots and 8000 nauticalmiles when submergedwith a speed of 10 knots.
Electronic systems
The Chang Bogo Class is equipped with a range of modern combat management systems that integrate versatile control panels for sonars, navigation systems and weapons systems. The Atlas Elektronik integrated sensor underwater system collects information about potential threats from onboard sensors, it allows the crew to analyze the scenario to provide a quick response.
Sensors on the submarine include CSU 83 hull-mounted sonar provided by Atlas Elektronik. The CSU 83 is a medium frequency search and attack sonar, the submarines are said to be equipped with passive towing sonar to detect submerged submarines.
Armament
The Chang Bogo-class submarines are armed with eight bow 533 mm torpedo tubes and fourteen torpedoes, all located in the bows. The ships are also armed with UGM-84 Harpoon integration missiles to enhance the boats capabilities against surface ships.
The class also can be armed with 28 mines in place of torpedoes and Harpoon missiles. It is armed with SUT – Surface and Underwater Target Torpedoes, which are wire-guided weapons with active homing and the ability to carry a 260kg High-explosive warhead out to a maximum range of 28km.
In 2011, Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering signed a contract with Indonesia for the supply of three Improved Chang Bogo-class submarines. The improved submarines are also known as Nagapasa-class submarines. In 2019, South Korea signed another contract worth $1.02 billion to sell three 1,400-ton submarines to Indonesia and would be supported through a loan agreement.
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